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The marginal mandibular nerve may be injured during surgery in the neck region, especially during excision of the submandibular salivary gland or during neck dissections due to lack of accurate knowledge of variations in the course, branches and relations.
Damage to the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve may cause paralysis of the depressor anguli oris muscle. [1] This may contribute to an asymmetrical smile. [1] This may be corrected by resecting (cutting and removing) the depressor labii inferioris muscle, which has a more significant impact on smiling. [1]
Surgery: Surgeons performing procedures such as rhytidectomy (facelift surgery), orthognathic surgery (corrective jaw surgery), or managing mandibular trauma must be aware of the facial artery's position relative to the antegonial notch to prevent inadvertent injury. [9] [10] [11]
The aim of decompression surgery is to open the affected area and nerve sheath, and to release pressure. This reduces compression on the nerve fibers, improves blood circulation and minimizes damage to distal nerve fibers. Several surgicala approaches are described to achieve decompression: Middle cranial fossa approach [2] Translabarynthine ...
The buccal branches of the facial nerve (infraorbital branches), are of larger size than the rest of the branches, pass horizontally forward to be distributed below the orbit and around the mouth. Branches
The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face. They run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit . Here, they supply the orbicularis oculi muscle , and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2 ).
The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve VII, or simply CN VII, is a cranial nerve that emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
The mandibular nerve immediately passes between tensor veli palatini, which is medial, and lateral pterygoid, which is lateral, and gives off a meningeal branch (nervus spinosus) and the nerve to medial pterygoid from its medial side. The nerve then divides into a small anterior division and a large posterior division.