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Between Medieval Men: Male Friendship and Desire in Early Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Cook, Matt, with Robert Mills, Randolph Trumbach, and H. G. Cocks. A Gay History of Britain: Love and Sex Between Men Since the Middle Ages. Oxford: Greenwood, 2007. ISBN 978-1846450020; Crompton, Louis.
Gay man or lesbian are the preferred nouns for referring to people, which stress cultural and social matters over sex. [6] The New Oxford American Dictionary [7] says that gay is the preferred term. People with a same-gender sexual orientation generally prefer the terms gay, lesbian, or bisexual.
Societal attitudes towards same-sex relationships have varied over time and place. Attitudes to male homosexuality have varied from requiring males to engage in same-sex relationships to casual integration, through acceptance, to seeing the practice as a minor sin, repressing it through law enforcement and judicial mechanisms, and to proscribing it under penalty of death.
After the Middle Ages in Europe, same-sex relationships were increasingly frowned upon and banned in many countries by the Church or the state. Nevertheless, Historian John Boswell argued that Adelphopoiesis , or brother-making, represented an early form of religious same-sex marriage in the Orthodox church . [ 31 ] (
Boswell's primary argument is that throughout much of medieval Christian Europe, unions between figures of the same sex and gender were socially accepted. Outlining the problems with accurately translating Ancient Greek and Latin terms regarding love, relationships, and unions into English, he discusses the wider context of marriage and unions ...
The move to normalize the LGBTQIA acronym began really began in the 1940's and 50's when the term "gay" started to be used as slang for men and women who were attracted to members of the same sex ...
This included inventing feminizing terms for the largely male group (at the time) that persecuted gay populations: the police. Thus “Betty bracelets,” “lily” and “orderly daughters ...
LGBTQ history dates back to the first recorded instances of same-sex love, diverse gender identities, and sexualities in ancient civilizations, involving the history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer peoples and cultures around the world.