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The Pisa–Florence railway (formerly known in Italian as the Ferrovia Leopolda, "Leopolda railway") is a line built in the 1840s connecting the Tuscan cities of Florence, Pisa and Livorno, passing through Empoli and Pontedera. It is 101 km long and fully electrified at 3,000 V DC. Passenger traffic is managed by Trenitalia.
For this reason, and because of a need to connect the new port of Livorno to the Tuscan capital of Florence, a channel was designed and built between the seaport and Pisa during the reign of Cosimo I de'Medici. The excavation cost only 5,000 shields. The channel was opened to river traffic in 1603 and had a length of 22 km, 18 m width and a ...
The port is also an important employer in the area, with more than 15,000 employees who provide services to more than 7,000 ships every year. The Port of Livorno is considered a major Italian port along the Tyrrhenian Sea Corridor, capable of handling all kinds of vessels (LoLo, RoRo, liquid bulk, dry bulk, cruise ships, ferryboats).
After reaching Viareggio, the line passes through the junction with the line to Lucca and Florence, and reaches the Serchio river. It now enters the Pisan plain and arrives at Pisa San Rossore . This has an atypical layout for a passenger station as it is arranged in the triangle formed by the branch line of the railway to Lucca .
The station is served by regional trains direct to Prato, Bologna, Pisa, Livorno, Pistoia, Lucca, Viareggio, Carrara, La Spezia, Siena, Campiglia Marittima and Grosseto. For many InterCity trains, both northbound and southbound, Firenze Rifredi is the only station in the city of Florence at which the train stops, to avoid reversing at SMN.
Livorno Centrale station was opened on 3 July 1910 a few days after the completion of the works of the coastal line. The passenger building, located at the end of a great tree-lined avenue, was designed by the engineer Mangini, although its monumental façade, including a large semicircular window, was designed by the engineer Frullani.
Livorno (Italian: ⓘ) is a port city on the Ligurian Sea [2] on the western coast of the Tuscany region of Italy. [3] It is the capital of the Province of Livorno , having a population of 152,914 residents in January 2023.
The Bologna–Florence railway is one of the major links in the Italian rail network, connecting the railways of the Po Valley with the railways of Tuscany and central Italy under the Apennines. It is also known as the Bologna–Florence direttissima—"direttissima" is Italian for "most direct". It was Italy's greatest engineering achievement ...