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Altruism is the principle and practice of concern for the well-being and/or happiness of other humans or animals largely independent of that person's opinion of or reaction to oneself. While objects of altruistic concern vary, it is an important moral value in many cultures and religions. It may be considered a synonym of selflessness (if we ...
For humans, social norms can be argued to reduce individual level variation and competition, thus shifting selection to the group level, so human behavior should be consistent with social norms. [20] Altruistic behavior is the result of learning and internalizing these social norms by individuals.
Altruism (biology) Olive baboons grooming. In biology, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing their own. [1] Altruism in this sense is different from the philosophical concept of altruism, in which an action would only be called "altruistic" if it was done with the ...
Parochial altruism is a concept in social psychology, evolutionary biology, and anthropology that describes altruism towards an in-group, often accompanied by hostility towards an out-group. [1] It is a combination of altruism, defined as behavior done for the benefit of others without direct effect on the self, and parochialism, which refers ...
Humans are motivated to give, but often not motivated to give most effectively. [3] In the title of an article published in Nature Human Behaviour in 2020, Bethany Burum, Martin Nowak, and Moshe Hoffman termed this phenomenon ineffective altruism, that is, relatively less sensitivity to cost-effectiveness in altruistic behaviour.
Hyperprosociality does not make groups interwoven to a set extend. It can come in many degrees, depending on the setting. The only clear distinction that can be made is the difference between basic sociality and far-reaching hyperprosociality, sometimes altruistic behavior.
Helping behavior refers to voluntary actions intended to help others, with reward regarded or disregarded. It is a type of prosocial behavior (voluntary action intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals, [1] such as sharing, comforting, rescuing and helping). Altruism is distinguished from helping behavior in this ...
Hence, behavior that appears altruistic can align with the theory of the selfish gene. [9] Kin selection can explain altruistic behavior towards close relatives even at the cost of their own's survival, as long as one's sacrifice can help preserve a greater amount of the same genes in close relatives. [10]