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Topoisomerase. DNA topoisomerases (or topoisomerases) are enzymes that catalyze changes in the topological state of DNA, interconverting relaxed and supercoiled forms, linked (catenated) and unlinked species, and knotted and unknotted DNA. [1][2] Topological issues in DNA arise due to the intertwined nature of its double-helical structure ...
In molecular biology Type I topoisomerases are enzymes that cut one of the two strands of double-stranded DNA, relax the strand, and reanneal the strand. They are further subdivided into two structurally and mechanistically distinct topoisomerases: type IA and type IB. Type IA topoisomerases change the linking number of a circular DNA strand by ...
Type II topoisomerases increase or decrease the linking number of a DNA loop by 2 units, and it promotes chromosome disentanglement. For example, DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase observed in E. coli and most other prokaryotes, introduces negative supercoils and decreases the linking number by 2.
Topoisomerase IV has two functions in the cell. First, it is responsible for unlinking, or decatenating, DNA following DNA replication. The double-helical nature of DNA and its semiconservative mode of replication causes the two newly replicated DNA strands to be interlinked. These links must be removed in order for the chromosome (and plasmids ...
TOP2A. DNA topoisomerase IIα is a human enzyme encoded by the TOP2A gene. Topoisomerase IIα relieves topological DNA stress during transcription, condenses chromosomes, and separates chromatids. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another.
proteins. DNA gyrase, or simply gyrase, is an enzyme within the class of topoisomerase and is a subclass of Type II topoisomerases [1] that reduces topological strain in an ATP dependent manner while double-stranded DNA is being unwound by elongating RNA-polymerase [2] or by helicase in front of the progressing replication fork. [3][4] It is ...
Topoisomerase: Relaxes the DNA from its super-coiled nature. DNA gyrase: Relieves strain of unwinding by DNA helicase; this is a specific type of topoisomerase DNA ligase: Re-anneals the semi-conservative strands and joins Okazaki Fragments of the lagging strand. Primase
21969 Ensembl ENSG00000198900 ENSMUSG00000070544 UniProt P11387 Q04750 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003286 NM_009408 RefSeq (protein) NP_003277 NP_033434 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 41.03 – 41.12 Mb Chr 2: 160.49 – 160.56 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse DNA topoisomerase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TOP1 gene. It is a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that catalyzes ...
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