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Lewis Mumford (19 October 1895 – 26 January 1990) was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic. Particularly noted for his study of cities and urban architecture, he had a broad career as a writer. He made significant contributions to social philosophy, American literary and cultural history, and the ...
Urban history is a field of history that examines the historical nature of cities and towns, and the process of urbanization. The approach is often multidisciplinary, crossing boundaries into fields like social history, architectural history, urban sociology, urban geography, business history, and archaeology. Urbanization and industrialization ...
Suburb. Nassau County on Long Island, New York (above) is emblematic of the continuous sprawl making up the inner suburbs of New York City, in contrast with Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey (below), characteristic of an outer suburb, or exurb, of New York City, with a lower population density. A suburb (more broadly suburban area ...
American urban history is the study of cities of the United States. Local historians have always written about their own cities. Starting in the 1920s, and led by Arthur Schlesinger, Sr. at Harvard, professional historians began comparative analysis of what cities have in common, and started using theoretical models and scholarly biographies of ...
Urban sociology is the sociological study of cities and urban life. One of the field’s oldest sub-disciplines, urban sociology studies and examines the social, historical, political, cultural, economic, and environmental forces that have shaped urban environments. [1] Like most areas of sociology, urban sociologists use statistical analysis ...
Commons. v. t. e. Residential segregation is the physical separation of two or more groups into different neighborhoods [1] —a form of segregation that "sorts population groups into various neighborhood contexts and shapes the living environment at the neighborhood level". [2] While it has traditionally been associated with racial segregation ...
Sundown counties [2] and sundown suburbs were created as well. While the number of sundown towns in the United States decreased following the end of the civil rights movement in 1968, some commentators hold that certain 21st-century practices perpetuate a modified version [ further explanation needed ] of the sundown town.
The concept of race as a categorization of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) has an extensive history in Europe and the Americas. The contemporary word race itself is modern; historically it was used in the sense of " nation, ethnic group " during the 16th to 19th centuries. [1][2] Race acquired its modern meaning in the field of ...