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Gender, on the other hand, is the social and psychological sense one carries of being male, female or any of the multitude of gender identities said to exist outside of the conventional ...
Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. [1] Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent and consistent with the individual's gender identity. [2]
Robert Stoller, whose work was the first to treat sex and gender as "two different orders of data", in his book Sex and Gender: The Development of Masculinity and Femininity, [45] uses the term 'sex' to refer to the "male or the female sex and the component biological parts that determine whether one is a male or a female". [46]
Gender role is not the same thing as gender identity, which refers to the internal sense of one's own gender, whether or not it aligns with categories offered by societal norms. The point at which these internalized gender identities become externalized into a set of expectations is the genesis of a gender role.
“The sex characteristics a person is born with do not signify a person's gender identity,” adds Golob. “When people have ‘gender reveal parties,’ it really should be called a ‘genital ...
Biological factors such as sex chromosomes, hormones, and anatomy play a significant role in the development of gender. Hormones such as testosterone and estrogen also play a crucial role in shaping gender identity and expression. Anatomy, including genitalia and reproductive organs, can also influence one's gender identity and expression. [164]
Genetics vs. environmental contributors: The development of gender roles has been associated with both genetic and social factors. Current biological research has suggested that testosterone differences can affect sexual orientation, gender identity, and personality.
In 1978 Women and sex roles: A social psychological perspective was published, one of the first textbooks on the psychology behind women and sex roles. [15] Another textbook to be published, Gender and Communication, was the first textbook to discuss the topic of its subject. [16] Other influential academic works focused on the development of ...