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In the 19th century, starting with the Occupation of Algeria in 1830, France began to establish a new empire in Africa and Southeast Asia. The following is a list of all countries that were part of the French colonial empires from 1534; 491 years ago () to the present, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate.
The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.
Sister republics (French: république sœur, pronounced [ʁepyblik sœʁ] ⓘ) were republics established by the French First Republic or local pro-French revolutionaries during the French Revolutionary Wars. Though nominally independent, sister republics were heavily reliant on French protection, making them in effect client states of France.
The French Revolutionary Wars (French: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts resulting from the French Revolution that lasted from 1792 until 1802. They pitted France against Great Britain , Austria , Prussia , Russia , and several other countries.
French Empire and colonies Puppet states and occupied territories (Note: Spanish America was rebelling against Spain and the Dutch colonial empire was occupied by the British) Europe in 1812. France had several puppet states between 1792–1815 (the French First Republic and the First French Empire) and 1852–1870 (the Second French ...
Five states have borne the name French Republic (République française) since the proclamation of the French Revolution and the abolition of the monarchy in France in 1792: French First Republic (1792–1804), lasting until the declaration of the First Empire; French Second Republic (1848–1852), deposing the July Monarchy and lasting until ...
The French monarchy, along with the Kingdom of France itself, was abolished on 21 September 1792, when the First French Republic was proclaimed. The Revolution did away with the concept of ownership of political entities by individuals. As such the French Republic was a unitary state rather than a mosaic of vassals or "semi-states".
During the French Revolution (1789–1799), multiple differing political groups, clubs, organizations, and militias arose, which could often be further subdivided into rival factions. Every group had its own ideas about what the goals of the Revolution were and which course France (and surrounding countries) should follow.