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The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
Leuprorelin, also known as leuprolide, is a manufactured version of a hormone used to treat prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, for early puberty, or as part of transgender hormone therapy. [10] [11] It is given by injection into a muscle or under the skin. [10]
Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender individuals ...
Significant changes to bone structure have been observed, [310] [311] [312] and transgender women have statistically poorer bone health even before beginning the transition process, possibly due to a lack of physical exercise [313] or other risk factors such as low vitamin D, eating disorders, and substance abuse.
It is used in hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms and low estrogen levels, hormone therapy for transgender people, and in hormonal birth control. [5] [4] [13] [14] It is also used in the treatment of prostate cancer. [13] The medication is taken by mouth or by injection into muscle or fat once every 1 to 4 weeks. [13] [14]
5α-Reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), also known as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) blockers, are a class of medications with antiandrogenic effects which are used primarily in the treatment of enlarged prostate and scalp hair loss. They are also sometimes used to treat excess hair growth in women and as a component of hormone therapy for transgender ...
Bone is not static. It is constantly being reabsorbed and created. Osteoporosis results when bone formation occurs at a rate less than bone resorption. Estrogen is the predominant sex hormone that slows bone loss (even in men). Both estrogen and testosterone help stimulate bone formation (T, especially at puberty).
Although promoted as a way of customizing treatment, hormone therapy does not require customization; [38] the use of testing to determine the number of hormones administered could result in the dose being higher than the minimum recommended level to alleviate symptoms, [2] [8] or the administration of unnecessary hormones to asymptomatic women ...