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A pastoral letter, often simply called a pastoral, is an open letter addressed by a bishop to the clergy or laity of a diocese or to both, containing general admonition, instruction or consolation, or directions for behaviour in particular circumstances. [1]
Luke Timothy Johnson asserts "the impossibility of demonstrating the authenticity of the Pastoral Letters". However, he thinks that "the grounds for declaring them inauthentic are so flawed as to seriously diminish the validity of the scholarly 'majority opinion.'" [14] So some scholars refer to the anonymous author as "the Pastor". [8]
The classification depending upon whether they have been drawn up more as letters, or have been issued by a synod or the diocesan chancery. [1] The pastoral letters are addressed either to all the members of the diocese (litterae pastorales) or only to the clergy, in this case formerly in Latin (litterae encyclicae). The mandates, decrees or ...
Recent scholarship has revived the theory that Paul used an amanuensis, or secretaries, in writing his letters (e.g. Romans 16:22), [18] but possibly Luke for the pastorals. [19] [20] This was a common practice in ancient letter writing, even for the biblical writers. [21] [22]
Three of the seven letters are anonymous. These three have traditionally been attributed to John the Apostle, the son of Zebedee and one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Consequently, these letters have been labelled the Johannine epistles, despite the fact that none of the epistles mentions any author. Most modern scholars believe the author ...
MADISON – The investigation into clergy abuse in Wisconsin, launched by Attorney General Josh Kaul, is now three years old. Since its launch, the inquiry has brought charges against clergy ...
[8] [9] [5] Some scholars refer to the assumedly pseudonymous author as "the Pastor". [5] The language and ideas of 2 Timothy are notably different from the other two pastoral epistles yet similar to the later Pauline epistles, especially the ones he wrote in captivity. This has led some scholars to conclude that the author of 2 Timothy is a ...
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