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Many portions of the stupa at Bharhut bear inscriptions with the names of Buddhist donors. Dhanabhuti is known from two, or possibly three, of these dedications, and he crucially dedicated the largest and most prestigious portion of the monument, the Eastern Gateway, now displayed in the Indian Museum, in Calcutta. [3]
The Bharhut stupa, depicted on one of the friezes. Freer Gallery of Art. The Bharhut stupa may have been first built by the Maurya king Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, but many works of art, particularly the gateway and railings, were apparently added during the Shunga period, with many reliefs from the 2nd century BCE, or later. [10]
The script of the Tugu inscription and the Cidanghyang inscription bear striking similarity, such as the script "citralaikha" written as "citralekha", leading to the assumption that the writer of these inscriptions was the same person. The Tugu inscription is the longest Tarumanagara inscription pronounced by edict of Sri Maharaja Purnawarman.
Many of its rulers bear the suffix "-mitra" in their names. [2] However, it is disputed how many kings the dynasty was composed of. Dhanabhuti , who is known for Bharhut inscriptions , may have been related to the Mitra dynasty.
The Bharhut Yavana is a high relief of a warrior which was discovered among the reliefs of the railings around the Bharhut Stupa. It is dated to circa 100 BCE, with a range from 150 BCE to 80 BCE. [1] The relief is currently in the Indian Museum in Kolkata. [2] The man in the relief has been described as a Greek, called "Yavanas" among the Indians.
In the Buddhist Art at early sites such as Bharhut and Sanchi, the dharmachakra was often used as a symbol of Gautama Buddha himself. [18] [14] The symbol is often paired with the triratna (triple jewel) or trishula (trident) symbolizing the triple gem, umbrellas , symbols of sovereignty and royal power, gems and garlands.
Detail of a pillar at Deogarh (Lalitpur district, Nepal ) showing Brāhmī and shell inscriptions. Shankhalipi (IAST: Śaṅkhalipi) or "conch-script" is a term used by scholars to describe presently undeciphered [1] ornate spiral characters assumed to be Brahmi derivative that resemble conch shells (or shankhas) which can tentatively be assigned a new script family.
They are variously dated from around the 3rd century BCE to the 1st century BCE. These statues are monumental (usually around 2 metres tall), and often bear inscriptions related to their identification as yakshas. They are considered as the first known monumental stone sculptures in India.