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In the context of hardware and software systems, formal verification is the act of proving or disproving the correctness of a system with respect to a certain formal specification or property, using formal methods of mathematics. [1] Formal verification is a key incentive for formal specification of systems, and is at the core of formal methods.
CSP: Communicating sequential processes; formal language for describing patterns of interaction in concurrent systems. FDR2 is a refinement checking tool for CSP, comparing two models for compatibility. DVE input language: a system is described as Network of Extended Finite State Machines communicating via shared variables and unbuffered channels.
PRISM is a probabilistic model checker, a formal verification software tool for the modelling and analysis of systems that exhibit probabilistic behaviour. [1] PRISM was introduced around 2002 in the context of Parker's PhD work and is still under active development (as of 2024).
An open-source tool designed to find faults in the Linux kernel. Splint: 2007-07-12 (3.1.2) Yes; GPLv2 — C — — — — — An open-source tool statically checking C programs for security vulnerabilities and coding mistakes. StyleCop: 2016-05-02 (2016.1.0) Yes; Ms-PL — C# — — .NET — — Analyzes C# source code to enforce a set of ...
BLAST (Berkeley Lazy Abstraction Software Verification Tool) CADP (Construction and Analysis of Distributed Processes) a toolbox for the design of communication protocols and distributed systems; CPAchecker: an open-source software model checker for C programs, based on the CPA framework
The verification covers code, design, and implementation, and the main theorem states that the C code correctly implements the formal specification of the kernel. The proof uncovered 144 bugs in an early version of the C code of the seL4 kernel, and about 150 issues in each of design and specification.
Tamarin is an open source tool, written in Haskell, [10] built as a successor to an older verification tool called Scyther. [11] Tamarin has automatic proof features, but can also be self-guided. [11] In Tamarin lemmas that representing security properties are defined. [12]
An assumption establishes a condition that a formal logic proving tool must assume to be true. An assertion specifies a property that must be proven true. In simulation, both assertions and assumptions are verified against test stimuli. Property coverage allows the verification engineer to verify that assertions are accurately monitoring the ...