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Flutes produce sound by directing a focused stream of air across the edge of a hole in a cylindrical tube. [2] [3] The flute family can be divided into two subfamilies: open flutes and closed flutes. [4] To produce a sound with an open flute, the player is required to blow a stream of air across a sharp edge that then splits the airstream.
The flute is a member of a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group. Like all woodwinds, flutes are aerophones, producing sound with a vibrating column of air. Flutes produce sound when the player's air flows across an opening. In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system, flutes are edge-blown aerophones. [1]
A number of musical instruments, other than the pipe organ, are based on the edge-tone phenomenon, the most common of which are the flute, the piccolo (a small version of the flute), and the recorder. The flute can be blown lateral to the instrument or at the end, as the other ones are. A native end-blown flute is shown in the figure.
Flutes are aerophones. An aerophone (/ ˈ ɛər oʊ f oʊ n /) is a musical instrument that produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate, [1] without the use of strings or membranes (which are respectively chordophones and membranophones), and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound (or idiophones).
Some flue pipes are designed to produce the sounds of reed pipes or to imitate the sounds of orchestral instruments which are approximated by reed pipes. The sound is generally more mellow and sweet than that of a true reed pipe. Examples include the Saxophone, the Muted horn, the Clarinet flute, and the Echo oboe.
Each of the above instruments has its own range. The piccolo reads music in C (like the standard flute), but sounds one octave higher. The alto flute is in the key of G, and the low register extends to the G below middle C; its highest note is a high G (4 ledger lines above the treble staff). The bass flute is an octave lower than the concert ...
An overtone flute is a type of a flute that is designed to play in the upper harmonics, typically well above the two or three harmonics that are the practical limit for most woodwind instruments. An overtone flute has either no tone holes , [ 2 ] or relatively few tone holes for a woodwind instrument. [ 3 ]
The higher modes however do correspond fairly to integer multiples of a "fictitious fundamental" which can often still be played as a pedal tone. [5] Players of brasses (in contrast to woodwinds) are able to "lip" notes up or down substantially, and on some instruments make use of privileged frequencies (pedal tones and false tones ), to obtain ...