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The relative static permittivity of a solvent is a relative measure of its chemical polarity. For example, water is very polar, and has a relative static permittivity of 80.10 at 20 °C while n-hexane is non-polar, and has a relative static permittivity of 1.89 at 20 °C. [26]
The SI unit for permittivity is farad per meter (F/m). The permittivity is often represented by the relative permittivity ε r which is the ratio of the absolute permittivity ε and the vacuum permittivity ε 0 = = .
Vacuum permittivity, commonly denoted ε 0 (pronounced "epsilon nought" or "epsilon zero"), is the value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum.It may also be referred to as the permittivity of free space, the electric constant, or the distributed capacitance of the vacuum.
The term was coined by William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin in 1872, [1] and used alongside permittivity by Oliver Heaviside in 1885. The reciprocal of permeability is magnetic reluctivity. In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or equivalently in newtons per ampere squared (N/A 2).
The susceptibility is related to its relative permittivity ... where P is the polarization per unit volume, and N is the number of molecules per unit volume ...
In electromagnetism, the Clausius–Mossotti relation, named for O. F. Mossotti and Rudolf Clausius, expresses the dielectric constant (relative permittivity, ε r) of a material in terms of the atomic polarizability, α, of the material's constituent atoms and/or molecules, or a homogeneous mixture thereof.
The effective permittivity and permeability per unit length of the line are frequently given as dimensionless constants; relative permittivity: and relative permeability: equal to the ratio of these parameters compared to the universal constants and
Relative permittivity = electrostatics (ratio of capacitance of test capacitor with dielectric material versus vacuum) Specific gravity: SG (same as Relative density) Stefan number: Ste = Josef Stefan