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In humans, eye color is a highly sexually dimorphic trait. [18] Several studies have shown that men are more likely to have blue eyes than women, while women are more likely to have darker eye colors (green and brown eyes) than men. [18] [19] Sex is therefore a major factor in the expression of eye color genotypes. [18]
The affected eye may be hyperpigmented (hyperchromic) or hypopigmented (hypochromic). [3] In humans, an increase of melanin production in the eyes indicates hyperplasia of the iris tissues, whereas a lack of melanin indicates hypoplasia. The term is derived from Ancient Greek: ἕτερος, héteros "different" and χρῶμα, chrôma "color ...
The RGB color model, therefore, is a convenient means for representing color but is not directly based on the types of cones in the human eye. The peak response of human cone cells varies, even among individuals with so-called normal color vision; [8] in some non-human species this polymorphic variation is even greater, and it may well be adaptive.
The human eye's red-to-green and blue-to-yellow values of each one-wavelength visible color [citation needed] Human color sensation is defined by the sensitivity curves (shown here normalized) of the three kinds of cone cells: respectively the short-, medium- and long-wavelength types.
A cone monochromat can have good pattern vision at normal daylight levels, but will not be able to distinguish hues. As humans typically exhibit three classes of cones, cone monochromats can hypothetically derive their photopic vision from any one of them, leading to three categories of cone monochromats: [4]
Human eye. The cooperative eye hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the appearance of the human eye. It suggests that the eye's distinctive visible characteristics evolved to make it easier for humans to follow another's gaze while communicating or while working together on tasks. [1] [2] [3]
Trichromatic color vision is the ability of humans and some other animals to see different colors, mediated by interactions among three types of color-sensing cone cells. The trichromatic color theory began in the 18th century, when Thomas Young proposed that color vision was a result of three different photoreceptor cells .
Dichromacy in humans is a form of color blindness (color vision deficiency). Normal human color vision is trichromatic, so dichromacy is achieved by losing functionality of one of the three cone cells. The classification of human dichromacy depends on which cone is missing: