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Interior of the Church of St. Gregory Palamas in Thessaloniki The reliquary of St. Gregory Palamas Palamas's opponents in the hesychast controversy spread slanderous accusations against him, and in 1344 Patriarch John XIV imprisoned him for four years.
The church was inaugurated when the city was already part of Greece, on 21 April 1914 by Metropolitan Gennadios (1912–1951). As the old St. Demetrios Cathedral was now a Christian church again, [6] the new metropolitan church was dedicated to St. Gregory Palamas instead of St. Demetrios.
According to Carlton, Palamas's teachings express an Orthodox tradition that long preceded Palamas, and "Roman Catholic thinkers" coined the term "Palamism" in order to "justify their own heresy by giving what is the undoubted and traditional teaching of the Orthodox Church an exotic label, turning it into an historically conditioned 'ism'". [88]
Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece. Monastery of the Holy Ascension, Woodstock, New York. Metropolitan Demetrios. St. Gregory Palamas Monastery, Etna, California. Abbot Archimandrite Akakios; St. John of San Francisco Orthodox Monastery, Cobleskill, New York. Abbot Metropolitan Demetrios
However, in 1351, at a synod under the presidency of Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, Palamas' real Essence-Energies distinction was established as the doctrine of the Orthodox Church. Gregory Akindynos , who had been a disciple of Gregory and had tried to mediate between him and Barlaam, became critical of Palamas after Barlaam's departure in 1341.
The addition of the Filioque to the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed has been condemned as heretical by many important Fathers and saints of the Eastern Orthodox Church, including Photios I of Constantinople, Gregory Palamas and Mark of Ephesus, sometimes referred to as the Three Pillars of Orthodoxy.
In Eastern Orthodox theology, there is a distinction between the essence and the energies of God.It was formulated by Gregory Palamas (1296–1359) as part of his defense of the Athonite monastic practice of Hesychasm [note 1] against the charge of heresy brought by the humanist scholar and theologian Barlaam of Calabria.
On the Hesychast side, the controversy was taken up by Antonite St Gregory Palamas, afterwards Archbishop of Thessalonica, who was asked by his fellow monks on Mt Athos to defend Hesychasm from Barlaam's attacks. St Gregory was well-educated in Greek philosophy (dialectical method) and thus able to defend Hesychasm