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The manipulations of the Rubik's Cube form the Rubik's Cube group.. In mathematics, a group is a set with an operation that associates an element of the set to every pair of elements of the set (as does every binary operation) and satisfies the following constraints: the operation is associative, it has an identity element, and every element of the set has an inverse element.
A class of groups is a set-theoretical collection of groups satisfying the property that if G is in the collection then every group isomorphic to G is also in the collection. This concept arose from the necessity to work with a bunch of groups satisfying certain special property (for example finiteness or commutativity ).
Class groups of algebraic number fields were among the earliest examples of factor groups, of much interest in number theory. If a group G is a permutation group on a set X, the factor group G/H is no longer acting on X; but the idea of an abstract group permits one not to worry about this discrepancy.
A more sophisticated definition of an algebraic group over a field is that it is that of a group scheme over (group schemes can more generally be defined over commutative rings). Yet another definition of the concept is to say that an algebraic group over k {\displaystyle k} is a group object in the category of algebraic varieties over k ...
Examples include the class of all groups, the class of all vector spaces, and many others. In category theory, a category whose collection of objects forms a proper class (or whose collection of morphisms forms a proper class) is called a large category. The surreal numbers are a proper class of objects that have the properties of a field.
In mathematics, a simple group is a nontrivial group whose only normal subgroups are the trivial group and the group itself. A group that is not simple can be broken into two smaller groups, namely a nontrivial normal subgroup and the corresponding quotient group .
In group theory, a word is any written product of group elements and their inverses. For example, if x, y and z are elements of a group G, then xy, z −1 xzz and y −1 zxx −1 yz −1 are words in the set {x, y, z}. Two different words may evaluate to the same value in G, [1] or even in every group. [2]
In mathematics, a structure on a set (or on some sets) refers to providing it (or them) with certain additional features (e.g. an operation, relation, metric, or topology). Τhe additional features are attached or related to the set (or to the sets), so as to provide it (or them) with some additional meaning or significance.
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