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There is a replay attack against the basic access control protocol that allows an individual passport to be traced. [3] [4] The attack is based on being able to distinguish a failed nonce check from a failed MAC check and works against passports with randomized unique identifiers and hard to guess keys.
In the context of an HTTP transaction, basic access authentication is a method for an HTTP user agent (e.g. a web browser) to provide a user name and password when making a request. In basic HTTP authentication, a request contains a header field in the form of Authorization: Basic <credentials> , where <credentials> is the Base64 encoding of ID ...
A chip protected by EAC will allow that this sensitive data is read (through an encrypted channel) only by an authorized passport inspection system. [1] [2] EAC was introduced by ICAO [3] [4] as an optional security feature (additional to Basic Access Control) for restricting access to sensitive biometric data in an electronic MRTD. A general ...
Web Authentication (WebAuthn) is a web standard published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] WebAuthn is a core component of the FIDO2 Project under the guidance of the FIDO Alliance . [ 4 ]
Alice then has an authentication of Bob, and Bob has authentication of Alice. Taken together, they have mutual authentication. DIGEST-MD5 already enabled mutual authentication, but it was often incorrectly implemented. [2] [3] When Mallory runs a man-in-the-middle attack and forges a CA signature, she could retrieve a hash of the password.
In this example, the server accepts the authentication and the page is returned. If the username is invalid and/or the password is incorrect, the server might return the "401" response code and the client would prompt the user again.
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TOTP credentials are also based on a shared secret known to both the client and the server, creating multiple locations from which a secret can be stolen. An attacker with access to this shared secret could generate new, valid TOTP codes at will. This can be a particular problem if the attacker breaches a large authentication database. [4]