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On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. [7] [8] Total U.S. incarceration peaked in 2008. [5] The U.S. incarceration rate was the highest in the world in 2008. [4] It is no longer the highest rate. [9] The United States has one of the highest rates of female incarceration. [10]
Incarceration in the United States is one of the primary means of punishment for crime in the United States. In 2021, over five million people were under supervision by the criminal justice system, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] with nearly two million people incarcerated in state or federal prisons and local jails.
Indeed, the mere number of sentences imposed here would not place the United States at the top of the incarceration lists. If lists were compiled based on annual admissions to prison per capita, several European countries would outpace the United States. But American prison stays are much longer, so the total incarceration rate is higher."
Research shows that over-incarceration may actually increase future crime. Nonviolent offenders are frequently in the same company as violent ones, which could lead to more violent behavior.
Total U.S. incarceration (prisons and jails) peaked in 2008. Total correctional population peaked in 2007. [14] If all prisoners are counted (including those juvenile, territorial, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) (immigration detention), Indian country, and military), then in 2008 the United States had around 24.7% of the world's 9.8 million prisoners.
The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world (which includes pre-trial detainees and sentenced prisoners). [59] As of 2009, 2.3 million people were incarcerated in the United States, including federal and state prisons and local jails, creating an incarceration rate of 793 persons per 100,000 of national population. [59]
Jails and prisons. On June 30, 2006, an estimated 4.8% of black non-Hispanic men were in prison or jail, compared to 1.9% of Hispanic men of any race, and 0.7% of white non-Hispanic men. [1] In the United States, sentencing law varies by jurisdiction. The jurisdictions in the US legal system are federal, state, regional, and county.
As of October 2015, the United States has the second highest incarceration rate in the world with 698 per 100,000 population. [7] Compared to other locations, 55% of countries and territories have prison rates lower than 155 per 100,000 population. [7] The average cost of incarceration rose to $31,977.65 in 2015. [8]