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Neisseria is a large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucosal surfaces of many animals. Of the 11 species that colonize humans, only two are pathogens , N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae . Neisseria species are Gram-negative bacteria included among the Pseudomonadota , a large group of Gram-negative forms.
The commensal species of Neisseria can act as a reservoir of genes that can be acquired; for example, this is how capsule switching can occur as a means of hiding from the immune system. [17] An invasive N. meningitidis strain of serogroup C broke out in Nigeria in 2013 – the strain was a new sequence type, ST-10217 determined by multilocus ...
Neisseria cinerea is a commensal species grouped with the Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, and catalase-positive diplococci. [1] It was first classified as Micrococcus cinereus by Alexander von Lingelsheim in 1906. Using DNA hybridization, N. cinerea exhibits 50% similarity to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [2]
Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. [7] It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, [8] and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7 ...
The Neisseriaceae are a family [2] of Pseudomonadota, within the Neisseriales order of Betaproteobacteria.While many organisms in the family are mammalian commensals or part of the normal flora, the genus Neisseria includes two important human pathogens, specifically those responsible for gonorrhea (caused by N. gonorrhoeae) and many cases of meningitis ("meningococcal meningitis", caused by N ...
The Gram-negative diplococci Neisseria and Moraxella are oxidase-positive. [2] Many Gram-negative, spiral curved rods are also oxidase-positive, which includes Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae, and Campylobacter jejuni.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus (singular) or gonococci (plural), is a species of Gram-negative diplococci bacteria first isolated by Albert Neisser in 1879. [3] An obligate human pathogen, it primarily colonizes the mucosal lining of the urogenital tract; however, it is also capable of adhering to the mucosa of the nose, [ 4 ...
Catalase test on nutrient agar tests for the production of enzyme catalase, which splits hydrogen peroxide and releases oxygen gas. Oxidase test on nutrient agar tests for the production of the enzyme oxidase, which reacts with an aromatic amine to produce a purple color. Nutrient gelatin tests to detect activity of the enzyme gelatinase.