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Calligraphy (from Ancient Greek καλλιγραφία (kalligraphía) 'beautiful writing') is a visual art related to writing.It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instrument.
First page of Paul's epistle to Philemon in the Rochester Bible (12th century). A modern calligraphic rendition of the word calligraphy (Denis Brown, 2006). Western calligraphy is the art of writing and penmanship as practiced in the Western world, especially using the Latin alphabet (but also including calligraphic use of the Cyrillic and Greek alphabets, as opposed to "Eastern" traditions ...
Edward Johnston, CBE (11 February 1872 – 26 November 1944) was a British craftsman who is regarded, with Rudolf Koch, as the father of modern calligraphy, in the particular form of the broad-edged pen as a writing tool.
Mehmed Özçay (1944–) was born in Istanbul and began studying calligraphy at the age of 16 under the guidance of several renowned calligraphers, including Süleyman Saim Tekcan and Hamid Aytaç. He later studied at the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University and went on to exhibit his calligraphy work in many countries around the world. He has won ...
Cultural tradition ensured that German typography and type design remained true to the gothic/blackletter spirit; but the parallel influence of the humanist and neo-classical typography in Italy (the first country outside of Germany with a printing press) catalyzed texture into four additional sub-styles that were distinct, structurally rich ...
Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form, combining purely visual art and interpretation of the literary meaning. This type of expression has been widely practiced in China and has been generally held in high esteem across East Asia. [1]
Traditionally speaking in the Islamic empire, Arabic calligraphy was the common form of recording texts. Calligraphy is the practice or art of decorative handwriting. [ 3 ] The demand for calligraphy in the early stages of the Islamic empire (circa 7–8th century CE) can be attributed to a need to produce Qur'an manuscripts.
This was useful for the illustrations made in these early manuscripts. Persian influence in Indian calligraphy gave rise to a unique and influential blend in Indian calligraphy, although a number of different calligraphic traditions existed in India already, and Indic scripts were fundamentally different from scripts used in Arabic and Persian ...