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  2. Conditional entropy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_entropy

    Download as PDF; Printable version ... Venn diagram showing additive and subtractive relationships various information ... (red and violet) is the individual entropy

  3. Information diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_diagram

    The violet is the mutual information ⁠ (;) ⁠. Venn diagram of information theoretic measures for three variables x, y , and z . Each circle represents an individual entropy : ⁠ H ( x ) {\displaystyle H(x)} ⁠ is the lower left circle, ⁠ H ( y ) {\displaystyle H(y)} ⁠ the lower right, and ⁠ H ( z ) {\displaystyle H(z)} ⁠ is the ...

  4. Quantities of information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantities_of_information

    The Kullback–Leibler divergence (or information divergence, information gain, or relative entropy) is a way of comparing two distributions, a "true" probability distribution, and an arbitrary probability distribution .

  5. Mutual information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_information

    The circle on the right (blue and violet) is (), with the blue being (). The violet is the mutual information I ⁡ ( X ; Y ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {I} (X;Y)} . In probability theory and information theory , the mutual information ( MI ) of two random variables is a measure of the mutual dependence between the two variables.

  6. Joint entropy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_entropy

    A misleading [1] Venn diagram showing additive, and subtractive relationships between various information measures associated with correlated variables X and Y. The area contained by both circles is the joint entropy H(X,Y). The circle on the left (red and violet) is the individual entropy H(X), with the red being the conditional entropy H(X|Y ...

  7. Red phosphorus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_phosphorus

    Fibrous red phosphorus is another crystalline form of red phosphorus. [7] It is obtained along with violet phosphorus when red phosphorus is sublimed in vacuum in the presence of iodine. [21] It is structurally similar to violet phosphorus. However, in fibrous red phosphorus, phosphorus chains lie parallel instead of orthogonal, unlike violet ...

  8. Entropy (classical thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_(classical...

    Fig.2 Temperature–entropy diagram of nitrogen. The red curve at the left is the melting curve. The red dome represents the two-phase region with the low-entropy side the saturated liquid and the high-entropy side the saturated gas. The black curves give the TS relation along isobars. The pressures are indicated in bar.

  9. Ellingham diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellingham_diagram

    Ellingham diagrams are a particular graphical form of the principle that the thermodynamic feasibility of a reaction depends on the sign of ΔG, the Gibbs free energy change, which is equal to ΔH − TΔS, where ΔH is the enthalpy change and ΔS is the entropy change. The Ellingham diagram plots the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for each ...