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Childhood cataract is cataract that occurs at birth or in childhood. [1] It may be congenital or acquired. Congenital cataracts are defined as the presence of lens opacification during childhood. [2] About 1.14 million children in the world are blind. [3] Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in children. [4]
Cataract surgery and IOL implantation have the safest and highest success rates of any eye care-related procedures. As with any type of surgery, however, some level of risk remains. [7] Most complications of cataract surgery do not result in long-term visual impairment, but some severe complications can lead to irreversible blindness. [92]
Posterior capsular opacification, also known as after-cataract, is a condition in which months or years after successful cataract surgery, vision deteriorates or problems with glare and light scattering recur, usually due to thickening of the back or posterior capsule surrounding the implanted lens, so-called 'posterior lens capsule opacification'.
At some point—usually as you enter middle age—most people develop this eye condition, which is a clouding of the eye’s lens that can get progressively worse and impair your vision.
Surgical options if the cataracts are bilateral and the vision is compromised include removing the affected lens of the eye and correcting the vision as early as possible so that the infants eyes can develop normally with visual stimuli. Some congenital cataracts are too small to affect vision, therefore no surgery or treatment will be done.
Complications after cataract surgery are relatively uncommon. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may occur but does not directly threaten vision. [23] Some people develop a posterior capsular opacification (PCO), also called an after-cataract. This may compromise visual acuity, and can usually be safely and painlessly corrected using a laser.
Eye surgery, also known as ophthalmic surgery or ocular surgery, is surgery performed on the eye or its adnexa. [1] Eye surgery is part of ophthalmology and is performed by an ophthalmologist or eye surgeon. The eye is a fragile organ, and requires due care before, during, and after a surgical procedure to minimize or prevent further damage.
Before surgery (natural crystalline lens, left). After surgery (implanted PCIOL, right). An anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) Posterior chamber IOL (PCIOL). This is by far the most common type of implanted lens after cataract surgery, as this is the natural and optimum position for a lens. [citation needed] Anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL). A less ...