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Internal control is a key element of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 and the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002, which required improvements in internal control in United States public corporations. Internal controls within business entities are also referred to as operational controls. The main controls in place are sometimes ...
The list also includes titles from the earlier series: AICPA Accounting Guides and AICPA Industry Audit Guides. Links to full-text of the Guides are provided for many of the titles prior to 2000. The Comments column provides references to sections of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) which complement or supersede a particular Audit and ...
Audit working papers are the documents which record during the course of audit evidence obtained during financial statements auditing, internal management auditing, information systems auditing, and investigations. Audit working papers are used to support the audit work done in order to provide the assurance that the audit was performed in ...
Internal audit plays a critical role maintaining effective control mitigating emerging risks. Businesses will increase risk or bypass opportunity if auditors do not address disruption-related risks. [28] Michael G. Alles has discussed that Big Data is a disruptive innovation that auditors must incorporate in practice. [29]
An information technology audit, or information systems audit, is an examination of the management controls within an Information technology (IT) infrastructure and business applications. The evaluation of evidence obtained determines if the information systems are safeguarding assets, maintaining data integrity , and operating effectively to ...
Audit evidence collection is also being improved through audit data analytics, which also provide the auditor the ability to view the entire population of data, rather than just a sample. [4] Viewing greater amounts of data leads to a more efficient audit and a greater understanding of the audit evidence.
Security management is the identification of an organization's assets i.e. including people, buildings, machines, systems and information assets, followed by the development, documentation, and implementation of policies and procedures for protecting assets.
In addition to financial audits, the Yellow Book standards cover Performance Audits, which evaluate the performance of a program or project against defined objectives, such as objectives for efficiency and effectiveness. The Yellow Book standards provide auditors with a framework for behaving ethically. It outlines five key principles: [2]