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The viral eukaryogenesis hypothesis posits that eukaryotes are composed of three ancestral elements: a viral component that became the modern nucleus; a prokaryotic cell (an archaeon according to the eocyte hypothesis) which donated the cytoplasm and cell membrane of modern cells; and another prokaryotic cell (here bacterium) that, by endocytosis, became the modern mitochondrion or chloroplast.
The viral eukaryogenesis (VE) theory proposes that eukaryotic cells arose from a combination of a lysogenic virus, an archaean, and a bacterium. This model suggests that the nucleus originated when the lysogenic virus incorporated genetic material from the archaean and the bacterium and took over the role of information storage for the amalgam.
Viral eukaryogenesis; W. Wolbachia This page was last edited on 15 January 2024, at 16:05 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4
Eukaryogenesis, the process which created the eukaryotic cell and lineage, is a milestone in the evolution of life, since eukaryotes include all complex cells and almost all multicellular organisms. The process is widely agreed to have involved symbiogenesis , in which an archeon and a bacterium came together to create the first eukaryotic ...
Viral eukaryogenesis This page was last edited on 21 December 2018, at 11:09 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4 ...
Similarly in viral eukaryogenesis, a hypothesis theorizing that eukaryotes evolved from a DNA Virus, ribocytes may have been an ancient host for the DNA virus. [17] As ribocytes used RNA to store their genetic info, [17] viruses may initially have adopted DNA as a way to resist RNA-degrading enzymes in the host ribocells.
Also, some viral genetic fragments which were integrated into germline cells of an ancient organism have been passed down to our time as viral fossils, [2] or endogenous viral elements (EVEs). [3] EVEs that originate from the integration of retroviruses are known as endogenous retroviruses , or ERVs, [ 4 ] and most viral fossils are ERVs.
To enter the cells, proteins on the surface of the virus interact with proteins of the cell. Attachment, or adsorption, occurs between the viral particle and the host cell membrane. A hole forms in the cell membrane, then the virus particle or its genetic contents are released into the host cell, where replication of the viral genome may commence.