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Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language. In other words, it is how human beings gain the ability to be aware of language, to understand it, and to produce and use words and sentences to communicate. Language acquisition involves structures, rules, and representation.
In psycholinguistics, the interaction hypothesis is a theory of second-language acquisition which states that the development of language proficiency is promoted by face-to-face interaction and communication. [1] Its main focus is on the role of input, interaction, and output in second language acquisition. [2]
Bruner appears to have been influenced by Lev Vygotsky, a Russian psychologist whose zone of proximal development is a similar concept. Later in the 1970s British linguist M.A.K. Halliday studied how language functions are expressed through grammar. [10] The development of communicative language teaching was bolstered by these academic ideas.
The academic discipline of second-language acquisition is a sub-discipline of applied linguistics.It is broad-based and relatively new. As well as the various branches of linguistics, second-language acquisition is also closely related to psychology and education.
Some learners' interlanguages are characterized by communication strategies, [1] and Larry Selinker has noted that they are one of the processes that leads to learner errors. [2] Based on this observation, Rod Ellis suggests that the communication strategies that learners use may be characteristic of the stage of development which they have ...
The main purpose of theories of second-language acquisition (SLA) is to shed light on how people who already know one language learn a second language. The field of second-language acquisition involves various contributions, such as linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and education. These multiple fields ...
The concept of communicative competence, as developed in linguistics, originated in response to perceived inadequacy of the notion of linguistic competence.That is, communicative competence encompasses a language user's grammatical knowledge of syntax, morphology, phonology and the like, but reconceives this knowledge as a functional, social understanding of how and when to use utterances ...
Carolyn Edelsky was an early critic of the BICS/CALP distinction, arguing that academic language is measured inaccurately by relying on "test-wiseness". [2] Cummins countered this by noting that academic language proficiency does not rely "on test scores as support for either its construct validity or relevance to education". [2]