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  2. Lorentz factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor

    Definition of the Lorentz factor γ. The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term (also known as the gamma factor [1]) is a dimensionless quantity expressing how much the measurements of time, length, and other physical properties change for an object while it moves. The expression appears in several equations in special relativity, and it arises in ...

  3. Formation evaluation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_evaluation

    Density logging tools contain a caesium-137 gamma ray source which irradiates the formation with 662 keV gamma rays. These gamma rays interact with electrons in the formation through Compton scattering and lose energy. Once the energy of the gamma ray has fallen below 100 keV, photoelectric absorption dominates: gamma rays are eventually ...

  4. Ultrarelativistic limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrarelativistic_limit

    Notations commonly used are or or where is the Lorentz factor, = / and is the speed of light. The energy of an ultrarelativistic particle is almost completely due to its kinetic energy E k = ( γ − 1 ) m c 2 {\displaystyle E_{k}=(\gamma -1)mc^{2}} .

  5. Soil formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_formation

    Soil formation is influenced by at least five classic factors that are intertwined in the evolution of a soil. They are: parent material, climate, topography (relief), organisms, and time. [ 9 ] When reordered to climate, organisms, relief, parent material, and time, they form the acronym CLORPT.

  6. Lorentz transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_transformation

    where v is the relative velocity between frames in the x-direction, c is the speed of light, and = (lowercase gamma) is the Lorentz factor. Here, v is the parameter of the transformation, for a given boost it is a constant number, but can take a continuous range of values.

  7. Tests of special relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tests_of_special_relativity

    Several test theories have been developed to assess a possible positive outcome in Lorentz violation experiments by adding certain parameters to the standard equations. These include the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl framework (RMS) and the Standard-Model Extension (SME). RMS has three testable parameters with respect to length contraction and time ...

  8. Formation evaluation gamma ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_evaluation_gamma_ray

    The higher the gamma-ray count rate, the larger the clay content and vice versa. Primary calibration of gamma-ray tool is the test pit at the University of Houston. The artificial formation simulate about twice the radioactivity of a shale, which generates 200 API units of gamma radiation. The detector crystal is affected by hydration and its ...

  9. Experimental testing of time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_testing_of...

    Relation between the speed and the Lorentz factor γ (and hence the time dilation of moving clocks). Time dilation as predicted by special relativity is often verified by means of particle lifetime experiments. According to special relativity, the rate of a clock C traveling between two synchronized laboratory clocks A and B, as seen by a ...