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Fanconi syndrome or Fanconi's syndrome (English: / f ɑː n ˈ k oʊ n i /, / f æ n-/) is a syndrome of inadequate reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules [1] of the kidney.The syndrome can be caused by various underlying congenital or acquired diseases, by toxicity (for example, from toxic heavy metals), or by adverse drug reactions. [2]
It is characterized by the following symptoms: deep and rapid breathing, tiredness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal muscle pain, dizziness or drowsiness; Serious liver problems, such as hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) and steatosis (fatty liver).
Tenofovir disoproxil is a pro-drug form of tenofovir phosphonate, which is liberated intracellularly and converted to tenofovir disphophate. [32] It is marketed by Gilead Sciences (as the fumarate, abbreviated TDF). [33] Tenofovir disoproxil is also available in pills which combine a number of antiviral drugs into a single dose.
Patients are advised to discuss any history of bone issues, kidney issues, or hepatitis B infection with their healthcare provider. [19] Effectiveness of PrEP for prevention of infection is reliant on an individual's ability to take the medication consistently. [20] Emtricitabine/tenofovir is also used for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis. People ...
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) refers to kidney disease developing in association with infection by human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS.The most common, or "classical", type of HIV-associated nephropathy is a collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), though other forms of kidney disease may also occur. [1]
Recommended dosage for efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir is one tablet at or before bedtime. Side effects can be reduced if it is taken on an empty stomach. People with kidney or liver problems can take one tablet by mouth once a day. However, people whose CrCl levels are less than 50ml/min should not follow this dosage.
tenofovir/emtricitabine, elvitegravir (an integrase inhibitor) and cobicistat (inhibiting metabolism of the former) in patients with good kidney function (gfr > 70) tenofovir/emtricitabine, ritonavir, and darunavir (both latter are protease inhibitors) Both efavirenz and nevirapine showed similar benefits when combined with NRTI respectively. [55]
It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults with compensated liver disease [8] and is given in combination with other medications for the prevention and treatment of HIV. It is taken by mouth. [6] Tenofovir alafenamide is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor and is a prodrug of tenofovir.