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DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) is an email authentication method designed to detect forged sender addresses in email (email spoofing), a technique often used in phishing and email spam. DKIM allows the receiver to check that an email that claimed to have come from a specific domain was indeed authorized by the owner of that domain. [ 1 ]
Email authentication is a necessary first step towards identifying the origin of messages, and thereby making policies and laws more enforceable. Hinging on domain ownership is a stance that emerged in the early 2000. [3] [4] It implies a coarse-grained authentication, given that domains appear on the right part of email addresses, after the at ...
The TLSA record matches the certificate of the root CA, or one of the intermediate CAs, of the certificate in use by the service. The certification path must be valid up to the matching certificate, but there is no need for a trusted root-CA. A value of 3 is for what is commonly called domain issued certificate (and DANE-EE). The TLSA record ...
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email authentication method that ensures the sending mail server is authorized to originate mail from the email sender's domain. [1] [2] This authentication only applies to the email sender listed in the "envelope from" field during the initial SMTP connection.
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) – an email authentication method designed to detect forged sender addresses in email (email spoofing), a technique often used in phishing and email spam. Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance (DMARC) – an email authentication protocol. It is designed to give email domain owners the ...
ARC-Authentication-Results (abbreviated AAR) - A combination of an instance number (i) and the results of the SPF, DKIM, and DMARC validation; ARC-Seal (abbreviated AS) - A combination of an instance number (i), a DKIM-like signature of the previous ARC-Seal headers, and the validity of the prior ARC entries.
An Author Domain Signature is a valid DKIM signature in which the domain name of the DKIM signing entity, i.e., the d tag in the DKIM-Signature header field, is the same as the domain name in the author address. This binding recognizes a higher value for author domain signatures than other valid signatures that may happen to be found in a message.
DKIM allows parts of an email message to be cryptographically signed, and the signature must cover the From field. Within the DKIM-Signature mail header, the d= (domain) and s= (selector) tags specify where in DNS to retrieve the public key for the signature. A valid signature proves that the signer is a domain owner, and that the From field ...