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Evolutionary biology explains homologous structures as retained heredity from a common ancestor after having been subjected to adaptive modifications for different purposes as the result of natural selection. The term was first applied to biology in a non-evolutionary context by the anatomist Richard Owen in 1843.
Homologous structures - structures (body parts/anatomy) which are similar in different species because the species have common descent and have evolved, usually divergently, from a shared ancestor. They may or may not perform the same function. An example is the forelimb structure shared by cats and whales.
Homology model of the DHRS7B protein created with Swiss-model and rendered with PyMOL. Homology modeling, also known as comparative modeling of protein, refers to constructing an atomic-resolution model of the "target" protein from its amino acid sequence and an experimental three-dimensional structure of a related homologous protein (the "template").
Based on the definition of homology specified above this terminology is incorrect since sequence similarity is the observation, homology is the conclusion. [3] Sequences are either homologous or not. [3] This involves that the term "percent homology" is a misnomer. [4]
Homologous recombination, genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between molecules of DNA; Homologous desensitization, a receptor decreases its response to a signalling molecule when that agonist is in high concentration; Homology modeling, a method of protein structure prediction
The synaptonemal complex is a tripartite structure consisting of two parallel lateral regions and a central element. This "tripartite structure" is seen during the pachytene stage of the first meiotic prophase, both in males and in females during gametogenesis. Previous to the pachytene stage, during leptonema, the lateral elements begin to ...
The structure, visible by microscopy, is called a bivalent. [5] Resolution of the DNA recombination intermediate into a crossover exchanges DNA segments between the two homologous chromosomes at a site called a chiasma (plural: chiasmata). This physical strand exchange and the cohesion between the sister chromatids along each chromosome ensure ...
Serial homology is a special type of homology, defined by Owen as "representative or repetitive relation in the segments of the same organism." [1] Ernst Haeckel preferred the term "homotypy" for the same phenomenon.