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Dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) is an oxidized form of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). It is actively imported into the endoplasmic reticulum of cells via glucose transporters. [ 1 ] It is trapped therein by reduction back to ascorbic acid by glutathione and other thiols . [ 2 ]
Vitamin C supplements among other dietary supplements at a US drug store. Vitamin C has a definitive role in treating scurvy, which is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. Beyond that, a role for vitamin C as prevention or treatment for various diseases is disputed, with reviews often reporting conflicting results.
Vitamin C megadosage is a term describing the consumption or injection of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in doses well beyond the current United States Recommended Dietary Allowance of 90 milligrams per day, and often well beyond the tolerable upper intake level of 2,000 milligrams per day. [1]
C 6 H 6 O 6 • − + L• + H 2 O + H + → C 6 H 8 O 7 + LH 2 C 6 H 6 O 6 • − + H 2 O + H + → C 6 H 8 O 7 + C 6 H 7 O − 6. Aqueous solutions of dehydroascorbate are unstable, undergoing hydrolysis with a half-life of 5–15 minutes at 37 °C (99 °F). Decomposition products include diketogulonic acid, xylonic acid, threonic acid and ...
An equilibrium constant is related to the standard Gibbs free energy change for the reaction = R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. At 25 °C, ΔG ⊖ = (−5.708 kJ mol −1) ⋅ log β. Free energy is made up of an enthalpy term and an entropy term.
[2] [3] It is generally accepted that doses of any vitamin greatly in excess of nutritional requirements will result either in toxicity (vitamins A and D) or in the excess simply being metabolised; thus evidence in favour of vitamin supplementation supports only doses in the normal range.
Many multivitamin formulas contain vitamin C, B 1, B 2, B 3, B 5, B 6, B 7, B 9, B 12, A, E, D 2 (or D 3), K, potassium, iodine, selenium, borate, zinc, calcium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, beta carotene, and/or iron. Multivitamins are typically available in a variety of formulas based on age and sex, or (as in prenatal vitamins) based on ...
Multivitamins nutrition facts label showing that the international unit of, for example, vitamins D and E correspond to different gram values. In pharmacology, the international unit (IU) is a unit of measurement for the effect or biological activity of a substance, for the purpose of easier comparison across similar forms of substances.