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Initially, the names given to minor planets followed the same pattern as the other planets: names from Greek or Roman myths, with a preference for female names. With the discovery in 1898 of the first body found to cross the orbit of Mars, a different choice was deemed appropriate, and 433 Eros was chosen.
However, individually, some of the planets can be associated with positive qualities. The names of the seven planets in Mandaic are borrowed from Akkadian. [7] Some of the names are ultimately derived from Sumerian, since Akkadian had borrowed many deity names from Sumerian. Each planet is said to be carried in a ship.
For instance, for a large portion of names ending in -s, the oblique stem and therefore the English adjective changes the -s to a -d, -t, or -r, as in Mars–Martian, Pallas–Palladian and Ceres–Cererian; [note 1] occasionally an -n has been lost historically from the nominative form, and reappears in the oblique and therefore in the English ...
Proper names of planetary systems often follow common themes – for example, the planets of the star Copernicus are named after European astronomers. Proper names for planets outside of the Solar System – known as exoplanets – are chosen by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) through public naming contests known as NameExoWorlds.
Duplication of the same surface feature name on two or more bodies, and of the same name for satellites and minor planets, is discouraged. Duplications may be allowed when names are especially appropriate and the chances for confusion are very small. Individual names chosen for each body should be expressed in the language of origin.
The list below concerns those minor planets in the specified number-range that have received names, and explains the meanings of those names. Official naming citations of newly named small Solar System bodies are approved and published in a bulletin by IAU's Working Group for Small Bodies Nomenclature (WGSBN). [ 1 ]
Astronomical naming conventions § Planets, for the planets of the Solar System; Planetary nomenclature, for features on those planets; Exoplanet naming convention, for planets outside the Solar System; Minor-planet designation, for initial designations of dwarf planets, asteroids etc. Meanings of minor-planet names, for later names of those bodies
According to Plutarch and Stobaeus, the term planeta was in use by the time of Anaximander, in the early sixth century BC. [1] The relative positions of the planets, which in the reckoning of Democritus included the Sun and Moon, was the subject of debate, as was their number; in Timaeus, Plato counts only the five still regarded as astronomical planets, excluding the Sun and Moon.