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Grand Challenges, Global Health, Sustainable Cities, Intercultural Interaction and Human Well-being, initiative by University College London to develop cross-disciplinary collaborations related to matters of pressing societal concern. In management and organization studies, an important research agenda has evolved around Grand Challenges.
Journal ranking is widely used in academic circles in the evaluation of an academic journal's impact and quality. Journal rankings are intended to reflect the place of a journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that journal, and the prestige associated with it.
In any given year, the CiteScore of a journal is the number of citations, received in that year and in previous three years, for documents published in the journal during the total period (four years), divided by the total number of published documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters, and data papers) in the journal during the same four-year period: [3]
In the follow-up literature, comparing research units or even the output of publishing companies became the target of research. [ 17 ] [ 20 ] White et al. wrote, Libcitation counts reflect judgments by librarians on the usefulness of publications for their various audiences of readers.
The impact factor relates to a specific time period; it is possible to calculate it for any desired period. For example, the JCR also includes a five-year impact factor, which is calculated by dividing the number of citations to the journal in a given year by the number of articles published in that journal in the previous five years. [14] [15]
The Grand Challenges in Global Health (GCGH) is a research initiative launched by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [1] in search of solutions to health problems in the developing world. Fifteen challenges are categorized in groups among seven stated goals plus an eighth group for family health.
Grand Challenges Canada (GCC) is a Canadian nonprofit organization that employs a Grand Challenges model with the aim to fund solutions for health and economic problems in low-and middle-income countries and Canada. [1] [2] [3]
The Grand Challenges were announced in January 2016 at the Society for Social Work and Research annual conference in Washington, DC. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] An impact report was published in 2021 to mark the end of the fifth year of the Grand Challenges.