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In computer disk storage, a sector is a subdivision of a track on a magnetic disk or optical disc. For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of user-accessible data, traditionally 512 bytes for hard disk drives (HDDs), and 2048 bytes for CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs. [1]
If the actual size of the disk exceeds the maximum partition size representable using the legacy 32-bit LBA entries in the MBR partition table, the recorded size of this partition is clipped at the maximum, thereby ignoring the rest of the disk. This amounts to a maximum reported size of 2 TiB, assuming a disk with 512 bytes per sector (see 512e).
1,024 bits (128 bytes) - RAM capacity of the Atari 2600: 1,288 bits (161 bytes) – approximate maximum capacity of a standard magnetic stripe card: 2 11: 2,048 bits (256 bytes) – RAM capacity of the stock Altair 8800: 2 12: 4,096 bits (512 bytes) – typical sector size, and minimum space allocation unit on computer storage volumes, with ...
With the standard hard disk sector size of 512 bytes, this gives a maximum of 32 KB cluster size, thereby fixing the "definitive" limit for the FAT16 partition size at 2 GB for sector size 512. On magneto-optical media, which can have 1 or 2 KB sectors instead of 0.5 KB, this size limit is proportionally larger.
Since block addresses and sizes are stored in the partition table of an MBR using 32 bits, the maximum size, as well as the highest start address, of a partition using drives that have 512-byte sectors (actual or emulated) cannot exceed 2 TiB−512 bytes (2 199 023 255 040 bytes or 4 294 967 295 (2 32 −1) sectors × 512 (2 9) bytes per sector ...
HDD price per byte decreased at the rate of 40% per year during 1988–1996, 51% per year during 1996–2003 and 34% per year during 2003–2010. [ 157 ] [ 76 ] The price decrease slowed down to 13% per year during 2011–2014, as areal density increase slowed and the 2011 Thailand floods damaged manufacturing facilities [ 81 ] and have held at ...
512 180 kB 300 MFM Single head drive, but double-sided floppy discs (total of 360 kB per floppy) Amstrad PCW8512/9512: 3 inch Double 2 80 9 512 720 kB 300 MFM 720 kB mode uses both sides - ensure disc inserted correct way up. Apple II: 5 1 ⁄ 4 inch Double 1 35 13 256 soft 113.75 kB 300 GCR [NB 2] 1 16 140 kB 3 1 ⁄ 2 inch Double 1 80 ...
Floppy disks and controllers had used physical sector sizes of 128, 256, 512 and 1024 bytes (e.g., PC/AX), but formats with 512 bytes per physical sector became dominant in the 1980s. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The most common physical sector size for hard disks today is 512 bytes, but there have been hard disks with 520 bytes per sector as well for non-IBM ...