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  2. Glia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glia

    Glial cells known as astrocytes enlarge and proliferate to form a scar and produce inhibitory molecules that inhibit regrowth of a damaged or severed axon. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), glial cells known as Schwann cells (or also as neuri-lemmocytes) promote repair. After axonal injury, Schwann cells regress to an earlier ...

  3. Gliogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gliogenesis

    During periods in which glial cell formation is discouraged, neural stem cells have the option to remain pluripotent or switch pathway lineages and begin forming neurons during neurogenesis. If neuron development is instructed, neurogenic factors, i.e. BMPs , [ 8 ] are present to induce expression of proneural transcription factors like ...

  4. Brain cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_cell

    The two main types of cells in the brain are neurons, also known as nerve cells, and glial cells, also known as neuroglia. [1] There are many types of neuron, and several types of glial cell. Neurons are the excitable cells of the brain that function by communicating with other neurons and interneurons (via synapses ), in neural circuits and ...

  5. Satellite glial cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_glial_cell

    Satellite glial cells, formerly called amphicytes, [1] are glial cells that cover the surface of neuron cell bodies in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Thus, they are found in sensory , sympathetic , and parasympathetic ganglia .

  6. Grey matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_matter

    Grey matter is distinguished from white matter in that it contains numerous cell bodies and relatively few myelinated axons, while white matter contains relatively few cell bodies and is composed chiefly of long-range myelinated axons. [1] The colour difference arises mainly from the whiteness of myelin. In living tissue, grey matter actually ...

  7. Radial glial cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_glial_cell

    Radial glial cells, or radial glial progenitor cells (RGPs), are bipolar-shaped progenitor cells that are responsible for producing all of the neurons in the cerebral cortex. RGPs also produce certain lineages of glia , including astrocytes and oligodendrocytes .

  8. Enteric glia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric_glia

    These cells are one of the major neural-crest-derived cell lineages, found throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The enteric glial cells play a variety of roles, such as modulating nociception (pain sensation), exerting immune functions , and coordingating gastrointestinal motility .

  9. Glioblast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glioblast

    A glioblast is a type of cell located in the embryonic neuroectoderm that has the ability to differentiate into several different types of neuroglia through asymmetric cell division. [1] It comes from a precursor (spongioblast). However, the latter may also differentiate into an ependymoblast.

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