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the conversion and expansion of Australia's car industry to manufacture zero-emission vehicles for public and private transport; the renewal and electrification of national and regional train networks to provide the capacity to shift all long-distance freight from road and air to rail; Further information: High-speed rail in Australia
Mobile source air pollution – Air pollution emitted by motor vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, and other engines; Planned obsolescence – Policy of planning or designing a product with an artificially limited useful life; Remote work – Employees working from any location; Service life – Period of time where an object can fulfill a function
Air pollution is the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to humans and other living beings, ... Australia. [54] ... Air pollution from a car.
Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines.The primary emissions studied include hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides.
Additionally, as car tires wear down, they shed the materials they are made of into the air as particulate pollution. [10] Those pollutants are known to cause various respiratory and other health issues and cars are among the leading cause of smog in modern developed world cities. External costs which can arise from using cars and trucks in ...
Contamination from mining operations by toxic materials including asbestos, is a major environmental problem in Australia. Stream pollution near mining operations in the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia. Australia is affected by significant contamination and pollution including soil and goundwater contamination as well as water and air ...
In 2014, diesel exhaust pollution accounted for around one quarter of the pollution in the air and a high share of sickness caused by automotive pollution. [ 48 ] [ better source needed ] Diesel exhaust is a Group 1 carcinogen , which causes lung cancer and has a positive association with bladder cancer .
Compared to conventional internal combustion engine automobiles, electric cars reduce local air pollution, especially in cities, [50] as they do not emit harmful tailpipe pollutants such as particulates , volatile organic compounds, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead, and various oxides of nitrogen.