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  2. Predatory pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predatory_pricing

    Predatory pricing is a commercial pricing strategy which involves the use of large scale undercutting to eliminate competition. This is where an industry dominant firm with sizable market power will deliberately reduce the prices of a product or service to loss-making levels to attract all consumers and create a monopoly. [1]

  3. Pricing strategies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pricing_strategies

    Predatory pricing, also known as aggressive pricing (also known as "undercutting"), intended to drive out competitors from a market. It is illegal in some countries. Companies or firms that tend to get involved with the strategy of predatory pricing often have the goal to place restrictions or a barrier for other new businesses from entering ...

  4. Anti-competitive practices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-competitive_practices

    Anti-competitive behavior can be grouped into two classifications. Horizontal restraints regard anti-competitive behavior that involves competitors at the same level of the supply chain. These practices include mergers, cartels, collusions, price-fixing, price discrimination and predatory pricing.

  5. Robinson–Patman Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robinson–Patman_Act

    Eventually, seven publishers entered consent decrees to stop predatory pricing, and Penguin paid $25 million to independent bookstores when it continued the illegal practices. [17] In 1998, the ABA (which represented 3500 bookstores) and 26 individual stores filed suit in Northern California against chain stores Barnes & Noble and Borders ...

  6. Dumping (pricing policy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumping_(pricing_policy)

    Dumping, in economics, is a form of predatory pricing, especially in the context of international trade.It occurs when manufacturers export a product to another country at a price below the normal price with an injuring effect.

  7. Penetration pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_pricing

    Taken to the extreme, penetration pricing is known as predatory pricing, when a firm initially sells a product or service at unsustainably low prices to eliminate competition and establish a monopoly. In most countries, predatory pricing is illegal, but it can be difficult to differentiate illegal predatory pricing from legal penetration pricing.

  8. Price war - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_war

    Predatory pricing: One firm substantially reduces its prices for a sustained period below its own cost of supply in an attempt to reduce market competition. [9] Predatory pricing on the international market is called dumping. That is, when a foreign company sells a product in a domestic market at a price below market value, and in doing so ...

  9. United States antitrust law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_antitrust_law

    In theory predatory pricing happens when large companies with huge cash reserves and large lines of credit stifle competition by selling their products and services at a loss for a time, to force their smaller competitors out of business. With no competition, they are then free to consolidate control of the industry and charge whatever prices ...