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Part of the larger Greek resistance, it lasted from 20 May 1941, when the German Wehrmacht invaded the island in the Battle of Crete, until the spring of 1945 when they surrendered to the British. For the first time during World War II, attacking German forces faced in Crete a substantial resistance from the local population.
[5] [6] In Athens, 40,000 civilians died from starvation and tens of thousands more died from reprisals by Nazis and their collaborators. [7] The Jewish population of Greece was nearly eradicated. Of its pre-war population of 75–77,000, around 11–12,000 survived, often by joining the resistance or being hidden. [8]
The new government of Plastiras and the Communist Party signed in February 1945 the Treaty of Varkiza in an effort of accord. On 25 January 1945, a mass grave of about 200 people was found in Athens. Examiners estimated the bodies to be a month to six weeks old, which aligns with the period of the ELAS occupation of the area.
Finally, with the advance of the Red Army and the desertion of Romania and Bulgaria, the Germans evacuated mainland Greece in October 1944, although isolated garrisons remained in Crete, the Dodecanese and various other Aegean islands until the end of the war in May 1945.
The ministry of war remained in Cairo throughout the war as the bulk of the Greek armed forces were in Egypt. [5] In March 1943, the government-in-exile returned to Cairo. [ 10 ] British officials assumed a dismissive attitude towards the Greek government-in-exile, with one Foreign Office civil servant writing that Greece was "an Egypt without ...
Bangladesh Liberation War. Part of the Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts. Bangladesh India Pakistan: 1971 1971 1971 JVP insurrection Ceylon: JVP: 1971 1971 Seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs: Iran Sharjah: 1972 1974 First Eritrean Civil War. Part of the Ethiopian Civil War and the Eritrean War of Independence. EPLF: ELF: 1972 1975
1944, 12 December: ELAS controls most of Athens and its environs. 1945 12 February: EAM and the Greek Government sign a peace agreement to end fighting. 1945, 16 June: Former ELAS leader Aris Velouchiotis is killed or commits suicide. 1945, 17 October: Archbishop Damaskinos assumes as regent in an attempt to stabilize the country.
On 10 May 1945, he was arrested in Vienna by Allied forces and sent to Greece, where he was imprisoned. [5] [6] [7] The government did not fulfil its promise to make major efforts to punish collaborators; this contributed to the escalation of political enmities in Greece, which in turn played a part in the outbreak of the Greek civil war. [8]