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TBP is involved in DNA melting (double strand separation) by bending the DNA by 80° (the AT-rich sequence to which it binds facilitates easy melting). The TBP is an unusual protein in that it binds the minor groove using a β sheet. Another distinctive feature of TBP is a long string of glutamines in the N-terminus of the protein.
Transcription is initiated at the TATA box in TATA-containing genes. The TATA box is the binding site of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and other transcription factors in some eukaryotic genes. Gene transcription by RNA polymerase II depends on the regulation of the core promoter by long-range regulatory elements such as enhancers and silencers ...
TFIID is composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFS). [3] TAF is part of the TFIID complex, and interacts with the following: Specific transcriptional activators; Basal transcription factors; Other TAFIIs; Specific DNA sequences, for example the downstream promoter element or gene-specific core promoter ...
[1] The interactions between TBP and a sequence upstream of the TATA box governs transcription polarity, "yields an archaeal preinitiation complex," and orients the complex in the direction in which the target gene should be transcribed. The TBP shows an inverted orientation compared to the eukaryotic TFIIB. [8]
The transcription preinitiation complex is a large complex of proteins that is necessary for the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and archaea. It attaches to the promoter of the DNA (e.i., TATA box) and helps position the RNA polymerase II to the gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and then starts transcription.
TFIIB is localised to the nucleus and provides a platform for PIC formation by binding and stabilising the DNA-TBP (TATA-binding protein) complex and by recruiting RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors. It is encoded by the TFIIB gene, [6] [7] and is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and analogous to bacterial sigma ...
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TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation.