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Limescale build-up inside a pipe reduces both liquid flow and thermal conduction from the pipe, so will reduce thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger.. A descaling agent or chemical descaler is a liquid chemical substance used to remove limescale from metal surfaces in contact with hot water, such as in boilers, water heaters, and kettles.
What happens is that its molecules will get inside the hair-line crack and block it, as a result of which sodium hydroxide, even if it is there, will not be able to come in contact with iron, and no reaction will be there. Adding tannin or lignin to boiler water blocks the hair-line cracks and prevents infiltration of NaOH into these areas. [1]
After refinement, black powder continues to build in the gas plants and refineries, storage reservoirs, and finally through to the end user. Black powder is a composite of iron oxides, iron sulfides, varying dirt such as silica and calcium as well as chloride, sodium, and other material particulate. [1] [2]
Both effects will reduce the pipe's overall thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger. Boiler feedwater is the water which is supplied to a boiler. The feed water is put into the steam drum from a feed pump. In the steam drum the feed water is then turned into steam from the heat. After the steam is used, it is then dumped to the main ...
When all the available Na + ions have been replaced with calcium or magnesium ions, the resin must be recharged by eluting the Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions using a solution of sodium chloride or sodium hydroxide, depending on the type of resin used. [10] For anionic resins, regeneration typically uses a solution of sodium hydroxide or
Boiler water is liquid water within a boiler, or in associated piping, pumps and other equipment, that is intended for evaporation into steam. The term may also be applied to raw water intended for use in boilers, treated boiler feedwater , steam condensate being returned to a boiler, or boiler blowdown being removed from a boiler.
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1] [2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na + and hydroxide anions OH −. Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive base and alkali that decomposes lipids and proteins at ambient temperatures and may cause severe ...
Potassium hydroxide soaps are softer and more easily dissolved in water than sodium hydroxide soaps. Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are not interchangeable in either the proportions required or the properties produced in making soaps. [citation needed] "Hot process" soap making also uses lye as the main ingredient. Lye is added to ...