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The Southern Ming used a total of three era names, [4] which are listed below. Before the Ming dynasty, most emperors used multiple era names during their reigns. However, during the Hongwu Emperor's reign, a "one reign, one era name" (一世一元制) system was adopted, leading to the use of only one era name by later emperors. [5]
The emperors of the Ming dynasty ruled over China proper from 1368 to 1644 during the late imperial era of China (960–1912). Members of the Ming dynasty continued to rule a series of rump states in southern China, commonly known as the Southern Ming, until 1662; the Ming dynasty succeeded the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and preceded the Manchu-led Qing dynasty.
The names given for emperors are era names, the form by which Qing emperors were most commonly known (with the exception of Puyi, who ruled as the Xuantong Emperor, but was generally known by his given name after his deposition). Puyi abdicated as head of state on February 12, 1912, but was permitted to retain his imperial titles until 1924.
Zhu Yuanzhang proclaims himself the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty (note that Ming and Qing use the era name rather than temple name) [18] 17 February: Ming forces conquer Fujian and capture Chen Youding, who is executed [19] 1 March: Ming forces conquer Shandong [16] 16 April: Ming forces capture Kaifeng [16] 18 April
Tables need captions, which allow screen reader software to jump straight to named tables without having to read out all of the text before it each time.
The Jianwen Emperor (5 December 1377 – probably 13 July 1402 [1]), personal name Zhu Yunwen, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Huizong of Ming and by his posthumous name as the Emperor Hui of Ming, was the second emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1398 to 1402.
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Han people , the majority ethnic group in China.
Adopted the era name of the Emperor Min of Jin. Or Yongle (永樂). Prince Wei of Former Liang (r. 353–355 CE) Heping 和平: 354–355 CE 2 years Prince Chong of Former Liang (r. 355–363 CE) Jianxing 建興: 355–361 CE 6 years Adopted the era name of the Emperor Min of Jin. Shengping 升平: 361–363 CE 3 years Adopted the era name of ...