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In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns , which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [ 1 ]
A class instance is an object-oriented programming (OOP) object created from a class. Each instance of a class shares a data layout but has its own memory allocation. Each instance of a class shares a data layout but has its own memory allocation.
According to Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software: "Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses." [2] Creating an object often requires complex processes not appropriate to include within a composing object.
A class defines an implementation of an interface, and instantiating the class results in an object that exposes the implementation via the interface. [3] In the terms of type theory, a class is an implementation—a concrete data structure and collection of subroutines—while a type is an interface. Different (concrete) classes ...
An interface in the Java programming language is an abstract type that is used to declare a behavior that classes must implement. They are similar to protocols.Interfaces are declared using the interface keyword, and may only contain method signature and constant declarations (variable declarations that are declared to be both static and final).
Using a factory method to create instances of a class (factory method pattern) Storing the instances in a map, and returning the same instance to each request for an instance with same parameters (multiton pattern) Using lazy initialization to instantiate the object the first time it is requested (lazy initialization pattern)
Creational Pattern class diagram. Below is a simple class diagram that most creational patterns have in common. Note that different creational patterns require additional and different participated classes. Participants: Creator: Declares object interface. Returns object. ConcreteCreator: Implements object's interface.
Alternatively, instantiating a class using the new keyword generates an object with default attribute values. For instance, in the context of designing a system for managing bank account transactions, it may be necessary to duplicate the object containing account information to conduct transactions while preserving the original data.