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ALS is a motor neuron disease, which is a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons, the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. [3] Other motor neuron diseases include primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), progressive bulbar palsy , pseudobulbar palsy , and monomelic ...
In the United States and Canada, the term motor neuron disease usually refers to the group of disorders while amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is frequently called Lou Gehrig's disease. [ 2 ] [ 5 ] [ 22 ] In the United Kingdom and Australia, the term motor neuron(e) disease is used for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] although is not ...
Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophy, tauopathies, and prion diseases. Neurodegeneration can be found in the brain at many different levels of neuronal circuitry, ranging from molecular to systemic. [4]
All the previous models are considered simple, and save time and money due to their short lifespan and small and simple body structure. [4] The most studied model for ALS is the rodent, mouse model, which provide the most complex representation of nervous system that is considered the closest in mimicking human nervous system. [4]
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[4] [5] ALS has an oligogenic mode of inheritance, meaning that mutations in two or more genes are required to cause disease. [6] C9orf72 is the most common gene associated with ALS, causing 40% of familial cases of ALS, as well as a small percentage of sporadic cases; [7] it also causes about 25% of familial cases of frontotemporal dementia. [6]
Mark, a Pennsylvania grandfather with ALS, is participating in a human trial with Synchron and is one of the first patients to be implanted with a brain-computer interface with the company. - CNN
Brain degeneration also causes central nervous system diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases). Studies have shown that obese people may have severe degeneration in the brain [dubious – discuss] due to loss of tissue affecting cognition. [5] [citation needed]