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An example of Ibid. citations in use, from Justice by Michael J. Sandel.. Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning ' in the same place ', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item.
In titles (including subtitles, if any) of English-language works (books, poems, songs, etc.), every word is capitalized except for the definite and indefinite articles, the short coordinating conjunctions, and any short prepositions. This is known as title case. Capitalization of non-English titles varies by language (see below). Wikipedia ...
Loc. cit. (Latin, short for loco citato, meaning "in the place cited") is a footnote or endnote term used to repeat the title and page number for a given work (and author). Loc. cit. is used in place of ibid. when the reference is not only to the work immediately preceding, but also refers to the same page.
Wikipedia avoids unnecessary capitalization.In English, capitalization is primarily needed for proper names, acronyms, and for the first letter of a sentence. [a] Wikipedia relies on sources to determine what is conventionally capitalized; only words and phrases that are consistently capitalized in a substantial majority of independent, reliable sources are capitalized in Wikipedia.
APA Style is a “down” style, meaning that words are lowercase unless there is specific guidance to capitalize them such as words beginning a sentence; proper nouns and trade names; job titles and positions; diseases, disorders, therapies, theories, and related terms; titles of works and headings within works; titles of tests and measures; nouns followed by numerals or letters; names of ...
Quote marks should be used to indicate the actual wording of the course titles, which should be capitalized as in the original source. Alternative #4 (italics) has the additional disadvantage of being ambiguous without added quote marks (e.g. Medieval Criticism , Science and the World vs. Medieval Criticism, Science and the World ).
Often, works are known by a nickname or common title. In this case, the nickname is specified after the formal title in parentheses and quotation marks. When the nickname is used in prose, it is enclosed in quotes. Song titles are enclosed in quotes. True titles of song cycles are italicized. Foreign language song titles remain in roman type.
Do not put quotations in italics. Quotation marks (or block quoting) alone are sufficient and the correct ways to denote quotations. Italics should only be used if the quoted material would otherwise call for italics. Use italics within quotations to reproduce emphasis that exists in the source material or to indicate the use of non-English words.