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Proteomics enables the identification of ever-increasing numbers of proteins. This varies with time and distinct requirements, or stresses, that a cell or organism undergoes. [3] Proteomics is an interdisciplinary domain that has benefited greatly from the genetic information of various genome projects, including the Human Genome Project. [4]
Protein methods are the techniques used to study proteins. There are experimental methods for studying proteins (e.g., for detecting proteins, for isolating and purifying proteins, and for characterizing the structure and function of proteins, [ 1 ] often requiring that the protein first be purified).
The methods in this section are primarily computational although they typically require data generated by wet lab experiments. Protein–protein docking, the prediction of protein–protein interactions based only on the three-dimensional protein structures from X-ray diffraction of protein crystals might not be satisfactory. [44] [45]
To select zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) for protein engineering, methods adapted from the two-hybrid screening technique have been used with success. [2] [3] A ZFP is itself a DNA-binding protein used in the construction of custom DNA-binding domains that bind to a desired DNA sequence. [36]
Computing methods have been used to design a protein with a novel fold, such as Top7, [15] and sensors for unnatural molecules. [16] The engineering of fusion proteins has yielded rilonacept , a pharmaceutical that has secured Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for treating cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome .
Quantitative proteomics has the largest applications in the protein target identification, protein target validation, and toxicity profiling of drug discovery. [24] Drug discovery has been used to investigate protein-protein interaction and, more recently, drug-small molecule interactions, a field of study called chemoproteomics. Thus, it has ...
Structure-based combinatorial protein engineering (SCOPE) is a synthetic biology technique for creating gene libraries of defined composition designed from structural and probabilistic constraints of the encoded proteins.
Homology model of the DHRS7B protein created with Swiss-model and rendered with PyMOL. Homology modeling, also known as comparative modeling of protein, refers to constructing an atomic-resolution model of the "target" protein from its amino acid sequence and an experimental three-dimensional structure of a related homologous protein (the "template").