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Periodic acid (/ ˌ p ɜːr aɪ ˈ ɒ d ɪ k / per-eye-OD-ik) is the highest oxoacid of iodine, in which the iodine exists in oxidation state +7. It can exist in two forms: orthoperiodic acid, with the chemical formula H 5 IO 6 , and metaperiodic acid, which has the formula HIO 4 .
A monosaccharide with nine carbons. An example is sialic acid. Periodic acid: Periodic acid Or per-iodic acid, is pronounced / ˌ p ɜːr aɪ ˈ ɒ d ɪ k / PURR-eye-OD-ik and not * / ˌ p ɪər i ˈ ɒ d ɪ k / PEER-ee-OD-ik. It refers to one of two interconvertible species: HIO 4 (metaperiodic acid), or H 5 IO 6 (orthoperiodic acid
In organic chemistry, the Malaprade reaction or Malaprade oxidation is a glycol cleavage reaction in which a vicinal diol is oxidized by periodic acid or a periodate salt to give the corresponding carbonyl functional groups. [1] [2] The reaction was first reported by Léon Malaprade in 1928. [3] [4] Amino alcohols are also cleaved. [5]
Sodium periodate is an inorganic salt, composed of a sodium cation and the periodate anion.It may also be regarded as the sodium salt of periodic acid.Like many periodates, it can exist in two different forms: sodium metaperiodate (formula NaIO 4) and sodium orthoperiodate (normally Na 2 H 3 IO 6, but sometimes the fully reacted salt Na 5 IO 6).
The reaction of periodic acid oxidizes vicinal diols in these sugars, usually breaking up the bond between two adjacent carbons not involved in the glycosidic linkage or ring closure in the ring of monosaccharide units that are part of the long polysaccharides and creating a pair of aldehydes at the two free tips of each broken monosaccharide ...
In chemistry, an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; denoted ) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction
Iodine-based reagents such as periodic acid (HIO 4) and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PhI(OAc) 2) are commonly used. [3] Another reagent is lead tetraacetate (Pb(OAc) 4). [4] These I- and Pb-based methods are called the Malaprade reaction and Criegee oxidation, respectively. The former is favored for aqueous solutions, the latter for nonaqueous ...
The reactions are exothermic and are typically performed at 0 °C. As periodate salts are only readily soluble in water reactions are generally performed in aqueous media. Where solubility is an issue periodic acid may be used, as this is soluble in alcohols; phase transfer catalysts are also effective in biphasic reaction mixtures.