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DNA polymerase's ability to slide along the DNA template allows increased processivity. There is a dramatic increase in processivity at the replication fork. This increase is facilitated by the DNA polymerase's association with proteins known as the sliding DNA clamp. The clamps are multiple protein subunits associated in the shape of a ring.
DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) The leading strand polymerase. Synthesizes DNA at the replication fork. Binds early at origins via Dbp11 and needed to load DNA polymerase α. Dpb11: DNA replication initiation protein. Loads DNA polymerase ε onto pre-replication complexes at origins. Fen1: 5' flap endonuclease involved in processing Okazaki ...
77782 Ensembl ENSG00000051341 ENSMUSG00000034206 UniProt O75417 Q8CGS6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_199420 NM_006596 NM_001159369 NM_029977 RefSeq (protein) NP_955452 NP_001152841 NP_084253 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 121.43 – 121.55 Mb Chr 16: 36.83 – 36.92 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse DNA polymerase theta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLQ gene. This ...
A second version of the central dogma is popular but incorrect. This is the simplistic DNA → RNA → protein pathway published by James Watson in the first edition of The Molecular Biology of the Gene (1965). Watson's version differs from Crick's because Watson describes a two-step (DNA → RNA and RNA → protein) process as the central ...
TC-NER initiates when RNA polymerase stalls at a lesion in DNA, whereupon protein complexes help move the polymerase backwards. Mutations in TC-NER machinery are responsible for multiple genetic disorders including: Trichothiodystrophy (TTD): some individuals are photosensitive, ichthyosis, mental/physical retardation
Protein synthesis is a very similar process for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes but there are some distinct differences. [1] Protein synthesis can be divided broadly into two phases: transcription and translation. During transcription, a section of DNA encoding a protein, known as a gene, is converted into a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA).
DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit (DPOD1) is an enzyme that is encoded in the human by the POLD1 gene, in the DNA polymerase delta complex. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] DPOD1 is responsible for synthesizing the lagging strand of DNA, and has also been implicated in some activities at the leading strand (Figure 1).
The clamp-polymerase protein–protein interactions are stronger and more specific than the direct interactions between the polymerase and the template DNA strand; because one of the rate-limiting steps in the DNA synthesis reaction is the association of the polymerase with the DNA template, the presence of the sliding clamp dramatically ...