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An ecchymosis is a hematoma of the skin larger than 10 mm. [2] They may occur among and or within many areas such as skin and other organs , connective tissues , bone , joints and muscle . A collection of blood (or even a hemorrhage ) may be aggravated by anticoagulant medication (blood thinner).
A bruise, also known as a contusion, is a type of hematoma of tissue, [3] the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration.
Battle's sign, also known as mastoid ecchymosis, is an indication of fracture of middle cranial fossa of the skull. These fractures may be associated with underlying brain trauma . Battle's sign consists of bruising over the mastoid process as a result of extravasation of blood along the path of the posterior auricular artery . [ 1 ]
Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks, the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip.The bruising appears as a blue discoloration, [1] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity.
It refers to one of the three descriptive types of hematoma differentiated by size, the other two being ecchymosis (>1cm in diameter) and purpura (4 to 10mm in diameter). The term is typically used in the plural (petechiae), since a single petechia is seldom noticed or significant.
Subgaleal hematoma growth is insidious, as it spreads across the whole calvaria and may not be recognized for hours to days. If enough blood accumulates, a visible fluid wave may be seen. Patients may develop periorbital ecchymosis ("raccoon eyes"). [citation needed]
Most people enter military service “with the fundamental sense that they are good people and that they are doing this for good purposes, on the side of freedom and country and God,” said Dr. Wayne Jonas, a military physician for 24 years and president and CEO of the Samueli Institute, a non-profit health research organization.
Raccoon eyes, also known as panda eyes or periorbital ecchymosis, is a sign of basal skull fracture or subgaleal hematoma, a craniotomy that ruptured the meninges, or (rarely) certain cancers. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Bilateral hemorrhage occurs when damage at the time of a facial fracture tears the meninges and causes the venous sinuses to bleed into the ...
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