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2000 scientists at Fermilab announce the first direct evidence for the tau neutrino, the third kind of neutrino in particle physics. [30] 2000 CERN announced quark-gluon plasma, a new phase of matter. [34] 2001 the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (Canada) confirm the existence of neutrino oscillations.
This is a timeline of subatomic particle discoveries, including all particles thus far discovered which appear to be elementary (that is, indivisible) given the best available evidence. It also includes the discovery of composite particles and antiparticles that were of particular historical importance.
Timeline of particle physics technology. 1896 - Charles Wilson discovers that energetic particles produce droplet tracks in supersaturated gases. 1897-1901 - Discovery of the Townsend discharge by John Sealy Townsend. 1908 - Hans Geiger and Ernest Rutherford use the Townsend discharge principle to detect alpha particles.
This timeline lists significant discoveries in physics and the laws of nature, including experimental discoveries, theoretical proposals that were confirmed experimentally, and theories that have significantly influenced current thinking in modern physics. Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process.
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The Upsilon meson ( ϒ) is a quarkonium state (i.e. flavourless meson) formed from a bottom quark and its antiparticle.It was discovered by the E288 experiment team, headed by Leon Lederman, at Fermilab in 1977, and was the first particle containing a bottom quark to be discovered because it is the lightest that can be produced without additional massive particles.
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refers to the real particle which is actually observed and which is close to the η 8. The η′ is the observed particle close to η 1. [10] The η and η′ particles are closely related to the better-known neutral pion π 0, where