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In mammalian cells, there are three primary types of autophagy: microautophagy, macroautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). While each is morphologically distinct, all three culminate in the delivery of cargo to the lysosome for degradation and recycling (Fig. 1) (154).
Autophagy (or autophagocytosis; from the Ancient Greek αὐτόφαγος, autóphagos, meaning "self-devouring" [1] and κύτος, kýtos, meaning "hollow") [2] is the natural, conserved degradation of the cell that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components through a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism. [3]
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an essential, conserved self-eating process that cells perform to allow degradation of intracellular components, including soluble proteins, aggregated proteins, organelles, macromolecular complexes, and foreign bodies.
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that occurs ubiquitously in all eukaryotic cells (Reggiori and Klionsky 2002) and has many physiological roles. Autophagy is active at a basal level for the turnover of long-lived proteins and also for the removal of superfluous or damaged organelles.
Abstract. Significance: Autophagy is a highly conserved eukaryotic cellular recycling process. Through the degradation of cytoplasmic organelles, proteins, and macromolecules, and the recycling of the breakdown products, autophagy plays important roles in cell survival and maintenance.
Autophagy is a dynamic circulatory system that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. Cytoplasmic material is transported to lysosomes for degradation and recovery through autophagy. This provides...
Autophagy consists of several sequential steps: sequestration, degradation, and amino acid/peptide generation. Each step seems to exert different functions in a variety of cellular contexts. These step-dependent functions may allow autophagy to be multifunctional.
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. De-spite its simplicity, recent progress has demonstrated that autophagy plays a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles, which are sometimes complex.
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an essential, conserved self-eating process that cells perform to allow degradation of intracellular components, including soluble proteins, aggregated proteins, organelles, macromolecular complexes, and foreign bodies.
This paper summarizes the history of autophagy discovery, the structure and function of related molecules, the biological function of autophagy, the regulatory mechanism and the research results of the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis.